Imam al-Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him, said in the Majmu`, “The scholars who are relied upon have reached unanimous consensus that whoever misses a prayer intentionally must make it up,” and Ibn Hazm disagreed with them, saying, “He will never be able to make it up, nor is it valid for him to do so, and what he said—while disagreeing with scholarly consensus— is false from the point of view of evidence.”
Our Imams have many proofs for the obligation of making up missed prayers:
1) That which Imam al-Qurtubi has said in his tafsir on His saying, Most High, “And establish the prayer for my remembrance.” (14:Surah Taha) He said, “And a proof for the majority [s. of scholars] is His saying, ‘and establishes the prayer,’ and he did not differentiate between it being in its time or after it, and this is a command that entails obligation.”
2) That which was narrated by Muslim, from the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, that he said, “If one of you has overslept the prayer or has forgotten it, then let him pray it when he remembers for verily Allah, Mighty and Majestic says, ‘Establish the prayer for my remembrance.’” If the excused person has missed the prayer because of sleep or forgetfulness and it is obligatory on him to make it up, then a person who is not excused has more right to make it up, as is obvious to any intellect. Imam al-Nawawi said, “If making up a prayer is obligatory on one who forgot it, then one who intentionally missed it, has more right. And Imam al-Qurtubi said, “Also, the matter of making up for one who overslept and the one who forgot [s. the prayer] has been established although they are not sinners, so the one who missed it intentionally has more right [s. to make it up].
And al-Qurtubi has come up with a new subtle proof from this hadith. He said, “And also, his saying, ‘Whoever slept through the prayer or forgot it’, and forgetfulness is leaving something. Allah, Most High, has said, ‘And they forgot Allah, so he forgot them,’ and ‘They forgot Allah, so he made them forget themselves,’ whether that was by indifference or something else, because Allah does not forget anything, so the meaning is that He has left them. And, ‘We do not abrogate a verse nor do we make it forgotten,’ i.e., we leave it, and likewise, remembering something is always after forgetting something and after other than it. Allah, Most High, said, ‘Whoever remembers me, I mention him to myself.’ And Allah, Most High, does not forget, such that His remembrance would be after forgetfulness, rather the meaning is ‘I know’, and likewise the meaning of his saying, “When he remembers it” i.e., he knows it.”
3) That which was related by Bukhari and Muslim by him, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, that he said about whoever wanted to make up a fast or a hajj for a deceased person, “A debt with Allah has a better right to be made up”. And missed acts of worship are a debt with Allah in the dhimma (obligations) of the servant. In the same way that a servant is required to pay off a debt with the creation, he must also pay off debts with the Creator, Mighty and Majestic, actually, paying off a debt with Allah is more deserving , as has come in a hadith. And the prayer is more deserving [s. to be made up] than other things because it is one of the pillars of Islam and its second integral. Imam al-Qurtubi said, “Also, the debts that are owed to people, if they are tied to a specific time, and then that time comes, the person’s debt is not dropped after being obliged to pay it, which would make him acquitted of the debt. If one owes debts to Allah, Most High, would it be correct for him to be acquitted of it, or would he not need His permission to do so?"
4) Imam al-Nawawi said, “And that which indicates the obligatoriness of making up prayers is the hadith of Abu Hurayra, may Allah be well pleased with him, “that the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, ordered that one who has had sexual intercourse during the day in Ramadan, fast another day as an expiation for it,” i.e. in place of the day that he intentionally ruined with sexual intercourse. It was related by al-Bayhaqi with a good chain and Abu Dawud related one like it.” And I said, “The type of evidence that Imam al-Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him, is intending is that the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, ordered one to make up an intentionally missed fast, and the same is said about an intentionally missed prayer, i.e. that one must make it up. This is because a fast and a prayer are obligatory acts of worship that have a particular time, so they take the same ruling. Imam al-Qurtubi said, “Also, we have agreed that if someone leaves a fast of Ramadan, intentionally, without an excuse, he must make it up, and so it is for the prayer”.
If one says, “Why has something come to us about him, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, commanding people to make up what they have missed with an excuse, and making up a fast or hajj, as we just saw, and nothing has come to us about him commanding make ups for people who missed them without an excuse?
There are three answers to this question:
1) If a specific reference has not come to us about this, there is no harm, because of the more general reference that has come to us when he said, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, “A debt with Allah has more right to be paid off.” And this includes prayers that were missed without an excuse, as it includes other acts of worship such as the fasts and hajj. Whoever claims that a prayer missed without an excuse is an exception to this rule, then he must provide his evidence, for the default is that this is not an exception. One must act upon a general reference, just as one must for a specific one, as long as the evidence doesn’t lie on its being something specific.
2) As has preceded, that which has been related to us about making up what one has missed with an excuse is also a command to make up what one has missed without an excuse and this is from the chapter of what is preferred, and this is obvious to any student of knowledge, let alone scholar. This is a preferred analogy which is considered just as strong as the evidence of a primary text.
3) It has not been recorded that anyone from the first generation of Muslims ever missed any prayers without an excuse. Even the hypocrites used to guard their prayers out of fear of the believers assaulting them. So for this reason, there was never a need to declare the obligation of making up prayers missed without an excuse, and Allah knows best.
Amjad Rasheed
[Translated by Sr. Shazia Ahmad]
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VERY Rewarding Nafl Salaahs we can Pray Everyday this Ramadan!
EVERY SECOND IS SO PRECIOUS THIS RAMADAN! SO LETS GET GOING AND PRAY THESE NAFLS THROUGHOUT THE DAY EVERYDAY THIS RAMADAN AND BEYOND AND OUR GOOD DEED ACCOUNTS WILL FILL WITH GOOD DEEDS INSHALLAH!!!
Question:Are superogatory prayers made loudly or softly?
Answer
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds; and blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all his Family and Companions.
As for the Nawafil (supererogatory prayers) it is a Sunnah to read in them softly if they are performed during daytime unless there is a special reason for reading in them loudly.
However the Nawafil that are performed during nighttime could be done loudly or softly. The person has the choice in this matter. The evidence for this is the Hadith reported from Aisha (
) that she was asked: "How did the Prophet use to perform Nawafil at night?" She said: "Sometimes he would read softly, other times he would read loudly".
Allah knows best.
1.TAHIYATUL WUDHU (Nafl prayer after doing Wudu)
Abu Hurairah Radiyallahu 'anhu narrates that once Nabi Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam asked Bilal (Radiyallahu 'anhu) at Fajr Salat:
O Bilal!
Tell me that deed of yours
which is most hopeful (for reward)
after embracing Islam,
for I heard your footsteps in front of me in Paradise
(in my dream).
Bilal (Radiyallahu 'anhu) replied:
I have not done anything extroadinary except that
whenever I perform Wudu during the day or night,
I Salat (Tahiyatul-Wudu) after that,
as much as was written or granted for me.(Bukhari)
Abu Huraira Radhiallahu ‘anhu narrated that Allah’s Messenger Shalallahu ‘alaihi wa Salam said to Bilal Radhiallahu ‘anhu “Tell me about the most hopeful act (i.e one which you deem the most rewarding with Allah) you have done since your acceptance of Islam because I heard the sound of the steps of your shoes in front of me in paradise.” Bilal said : “I do not consider any act more hopeful than that whenever I make ablution (wudoo) at any time of night or day, I offer salah (prayer) for as long as was destined for me to offer.” Narrated by Al-bukhari and Muslim.
After completion of the wudhu of two Rakaats is full of blessings (sawaab). It is related in the Hadith that performance of the two Rakaats of Tahiyatul wudhu Namaaz makes paradise obligatory (wajib) for the performer (ref:Muslim Sharif) There are also many other benefits.
It should not be performed during the Improper (makruh) times. (When the sun rises, when it is at Zenith and when it sets.)
2. Prayer of Ishraq (Sunrise prayer)
The beloved Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) has said: Those who perform the Fajr prayer in congregation (Jamaa’at), read the Zikr (remembrance of Allah) till the sun has completely arisen (length of a spear from the horizon, after 20 minutes of sunrise) and read 2 Raka-at Nafil prayer, will have the benedictions (sawaab) equal to those of Haj-Umrah. It is recommended to read the Surah Fateha and Ayyat-uk-Kursi till Khaalidoon, in the first Raka-at, and in the second Raka-at to read, after Surah Fateha, Aamanar Rasul till the end of Suratul Baqarah. In the case that this verse cannot be read from memory, one can recite any other verse and then ask Duas. Woman should read all prayers of Farz and Nafil at home and will derive the same benefits (sawaab) that accrue from prayer performed at the Mosque (Tirmizi Shareef).
The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said that Whoever, after finishing Fajr salat, kept sitting at the place of prayer, and prayed the Ishraq salat before getting up from there, provided he did not engage in any worldly act or conversation during that time, and instead, remained in Allah's Zikr (remembrance), then all his sins are forgiven, even if they are as much as the foarn of the ocean. [Abu Da'ud] The scholars have written that during this time, the person should take care to sit facing the Qiblah. Sheikh Shahabuddin Soharwardi (R.A.) used to say that the action whose reward is obtained right away in this world, is that a person, after Fajr salat, facing Qiblah, does Zikr of Allah until Ishraq. After a few days the person will gain inner spiritual light (Nuraniyat).
Rasulullah is reported to have said that Allah Ta'ala says, 'O son of Aadam, perform 4 Rakaats of Salat (Ishraaq) in the early part of the day. I shall help you in accomplishing all your responsibilities during the rest of the day.' (Mishkaat pg.116)
In another narration of Tirmidhi, Rasulullah is reported to have said, 'He who performs Fajr Salat with Jamaat and remains seated in the same place while engaging in Dhikr until after sunrise and thereafter performs 2 Rakaats Nafil Salat, (Ishraaq), he will obtain the Thawaab of one Hajj and one Umrah.' (Tirmidhi).
From the above Ahaadith, we learn that the number of Rakaats to be performed are 2 or 4 Rakaats, and the Mustahabb method of performing it is to remain seated in your place of Salat after Fajr and engage in Dhikr, etc. until sunrise. Then, approximately, 10-15 minutes after sunrise perform 2-4 Rakaats.
3. Dhuhaa Salaat (Breakfast prayer)
When the sun has risen high and there is heat in its rays, the performance of 2,4, 6,8 or 12 rakaats is called Salatul Chaast. This is full of countless rewards.
The Traditions says that the performance of 2 rakaats wipes away all ones sins. There are 360 joints in our body and to pay Sadakah for each is Wajib (obligatory) The 2 rakaaats is enough to pay all the Sadakah. Performance of 4 rakaats places the performer's name among the Abids and is the Sunnat of Saliheen and promise the performer protection until the evening. The performer of 6 rakaats is relieved of his day's worries. Performance of 8 rakaats places his name among the Parhezgaars and the performer of 12 rakaats ensures a Golden Mansion or castle for himself in Paradise. (Ref : Tirmizi, Ibne Majah, Ahmad and Abu Yala)
The Mustahabb (preferred) time of performing Salat al-Dhuhaa is after 1/4 of the day has passed. This is deduced from a Hadith of Muslim. (Halabi; Sharah Kabeer pg.390). From many Ahaadith, we understand that Salat al-Dhuhaa should be performed after the sun has risen quiet high. Because the Fuqahaa and Muhadditheen are of the opinion that the commencement of the time of Salat al-Dhuhaa is the same as that of Ishraaq (i.e. immediately after sunrise), the Ulama have stated that 'if due to lack of time, one performs the Salat of Ishraaq and Dhuhaa together at one time, that too will be correct.' (Our Namaas pg.44)
Rasulullah is reported to have said, 'Whoever offers 2 Rakaats of Salat al-Dhuhaa, all his sins will be forgiven even though they are as much as the foam of the sea.' (Ibid)
It is reported that Sayyidna Aaisha (Radhiallaahu Anha) used to perform 8 Rakaats of Salat al-Dhuhaa. She said that even if her parents arose from the grave, she would not leave Salat al-Dhuhaa to go and meet them. (Ibid).
'Salat al-Dhuhaa consists of 2 - 12 Rakaats and it is preferable to perform 8 Rakaats.' (Raddul Mukhtaar vol.1 pg.505)
The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said that Whoever prayed twelve rakaats at the time of Chasht, then Allah will, as reward, prepare a palace of gold for him in Paradise. [Mishkat, Tirmizi, Ibn Majah]
4. Virtues of the Four Rak'aah Sunnah of Zuhr
The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said that Whoever performs the four rakaats before and after the Zuhr salat with constancy, Allah Ta'ala makes the fire of Hell haram (forbidden) for him. [Mishkat, p. 104; Tirmizi, Abu Da'ud, Nisai, Ibn Majah]
The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said that after the worshipper prays the four rakaats of Zuhr salat, the doors of heaven are opened, i.e. the salat becomes accepted by Allah, and the cause of its acceptance comes down on the worshipper as rays of mercy. [Mishkat, p. 104]
5. Virtues of the 4 Rak'aah Sunnah of Asr
Messenger (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam) said: "May Allaah have Mercy on the one who offers four (rak'ahs) before 'Asr prayer." (Abu Dawud)
6. Salatul Awwabeen(Nafl prayers of Maghrib)
After the Farz and Sunnat of Magrib, performance of the minimum of 6 to a maximum of 20 rakaats is called Salatul Awwabeen.
1. Awwaabeen is the six Rakaats of Salaat after the Maghrib Salaat. It is established from the Hadith.
Rasulullah [sallallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam] mentioned, "Whoever performs 6 Rakaats after Maghrib Salaat will earn the reward of 12 years of Nafl Ibaadah." (Tirmidhi)
However there is a difference of opinion on Awwabeen Salah
Generally the six rakats after the Maghrib salah is called the Salatul Awabeen. However, according to the Sahih and authentic ahadith, Salatul Awabeen has been used to described Salatul Duha. Saaiduna Zaid Ibn Arqam Radiallahu Anhu said “The Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alahi Wasalam came out to the people of Quba while they were praying and said, “Salatul Awabeen is the time when the young camels sit (i.e. they sit because of the intense heat) (Sahih Muslim)
There is no rigid ness in Islam when it comes to naming, hence, if someone calls the six rakats after Maghrib salah as Awabeen then it is permissible. (Dars Tirmizi p.195 v.2)
7.Prayer of Tahajjud (Night prayer)
Our Master, the beloved Prophet Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) has said: In Paradise there is a castle reserved for those who read Tahajjud and the Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) further adds, those who pray at night will enter paradise without having to account for their acts in this life.
The Nafils of Tahajjud are read after the Esha prayer, but it is important to sleep before performing Tahajjud. The prayer consists of a minimum of 2 Raka-ats, and a maximum of 8 or 12 Raka-ats (to be read according ones capacity).
After Esha prayers sleep for some time, then wake up any time during the night before the rise of morning for Tahajjud prayers. With the performance of 2 Rakats you have duly achieved your Tahajjud. However, the performance of 8 Rakats in Sunnat, and complying with the practice of the Holy Saints of Islam and performing 12 Rakats is commendable.
It is recommended that you recite in your prayers as much of the Sacred Quran as you know. If you happen to know by heart the whole of the Sacred Quran you may, in at least 3 nights or most 4 nights of Tahajjud effectuate the complete reading of the Sacred Quran.
Otherwise, you may recite 3 Surah Ikhlas (Qul Hu Allahu Ahad) after your "Alhamdu..." in every Rakat and you will thus derive full benefits of the full recital of the Sacred Quran in every Rakat.
During the month of Ramadan one should awake a little earlier for Sehri and make time to pray Tahajjud Salaah for the reward is magnified so much more in Ramadan and duas are even more readily accepted than at any other time of the year.
The dua's at the time of Tahajjud are very readily accepted by Almighty Allah and one should repent and ask of Allah and try to cry in their dua's at this time, if one cannot cry due to the hardness of ones heart due to sin then at least one should make the face as if one is crying. Just as a mother tends to her baby quickly and promptly when it cries the same way Allah attends to his servant quicker when they are crying.
8.Salaatul Tasbih
Our beloved Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) had taught this Nafil prayer to his Uncle, Hazrat Abbas (RA) and told him; He who performs this prayer will have his past and future sins forgiven.
The Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) has recommended to read this prayer daily on each Friday or once a month or once a year, in case of this not being possible, to read it even once in one’s life. This Nafil prayer provides limitless benefits both in the material and spiritual life.
‘Ikrimah reports from Ibn ‘Abbas that the Messenger of Allah said to ‘Abbas ibn ‘Abdal-Mutalib: “O ‘Abbas, O Uncle, shall I not give you, shall I not present to you, shall I not donate to you, shall I not tell you ten things which, if you do, Allah will forgive your first and last sins, past and present sins, intentional and unintentional sins, private and public sins? The ten actions are: pray four rak’at, reciting in every rak’ah al-Fatihah and a surah. And when you finish the Qur’anic recitation of the first rak’ah, say, while standing, ‘Subhanallah, al-hamdulillah, wa la ilaha illallah, wa Allahu Akbar‘ ['Glory be to Allah. All praise is due to Allah. There is no God except Allah. Allah is the greatest.'] fifteen times. Then make ruku’, and while you are in ruku’, say the same ten times; then stand, and say the same ten times. Then go down and make sajdah, and while you’re in sajdah, say the same ten times. Then sit after the sajdah, and say the same ten times. Then make sajdah, and say the same ten times. Then sit after the second sajdah, and say the same another ten times. That is seventy-five [repetitions of the phrases] in each rak’ah. Do that in each of the four rak’at. If you can pray it once a day, do so. If you cannot, then once every Friday. If you cannot do that, then once a year. And if you cannot do that then once in your life.“
This hadith is related by Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, Ibn Khuzaimah in his sahih, and at-Tabarani. About this hadith al-Mundhiri says: “This hadith has been related through many chains and from a number of companions. The best of them is this one from ‘Ikrimah. A group of scholars have graded it to be sahih, including al-Hafez Abu Bakr al-’Ajari, (al-Mundhiri’s teachers), Abu Muhammad ‘Abdurrahim al-Misri, and Abu al-Hassan al-Maqdisi.”
Ibn al Mubarak says: “The tasbih prayer is a greatly desired act and it is desirable that one should punctually observe it and never neglect it.
Note: No fixed time has been prescribed for this prayer, a fact, which means that besides any time prohibited this prayer, can be read at any time.
9. Salatul Hajaat (When wanting help from Allah)
In case of difficulty, illness or of authorized necessity this prayer is read. The beloved Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) had taught this to a blind person who, as soon as he performed it, regained his eyesight. (Tirmizi Shareef Tibrani)
To perform this prayer it is recommended to wear one’s best and clean clothes and to perform pleasingly one’s ablution (Wudu). Then 2 Raka-ta Nafil is read in the usual way, after salaam this dua is read:
Allahuma Inni As-aloka wa (Atawassalo) Wa Atawajjaaho ilaika be nabbiyeka Muhammadin nabi yir Rahmate ya Rasullulah. Inni tawajjahto be ka ila Rabbi fi hajaati haa-zehi (here we make our requests (le tuqza li) Allahumma fashaffiho fiya
Translation: O Allah I implore You and I come near You through the intermediary of Your Prophet (Nabee) Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) who is the Prophet of Grace. Ya Rasullullah, through your intercession I implore Allah to accept my request. O Allah grant the intercession of your Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) in my favor.
10.Salaatul Tawbah (Prayer for Repentance for sin)
If one has done committed any sinful act which is contrary to the Shariat then one should perform 2 rakaats of Nafil and humble themselves before Allah and sincerely repent, feel ashamed for their sins and ask Allah for forgiveness and make a firm intention never to commit such act again in the future. By the Grace of Allah the sins would then be forgiven (Ref: Shami)
Ameerul Mumineen Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A.) relates that the Holy Prophet ( Sallaallahu Alayi Wasallam) said that whenever one has done a sinful act he should make wudhu , perform 2 rakaats Nafil and thereafter sincerely repent and seek Almighty's forgivness. Allah pardons all sins. After relating this , the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) then read the following from the Quran:
"And those who have done something to be ashamed of or wronged their own souls. Earnestly bring Allah to mind and ask for forgiveness of their sins, and who can forgive sins except Allah" (Sura 3-135)
11.Virtues of walking to the Masjid
Abu Hurayra رضى الله تعالى عنه reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said,
"Anyone who purifies himself in his house and then goes to one of the houses of Allah to fulfil one of the obligations of Allah, one step removes an error and the other raises him a degree." [Muslim]
12. Virtues of Praying in the Masjid
The Prophet (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) is reported to have said that The person who, from morning to evening, goes towards the Masjid to perform salat, every time he goes to the Masjid, Allah Ta'ala prepares the Paradise for his welcome. [Mishkat]
13. Tahiyyatul Masjid (Nafl prayer when entering Masjid)
Abu Qatada Radhiallahu ‘anhu narrated that the Prophet Shalallahu ‘alaihi wa Salam said : “If any one of you enters a mosque, he should pray two raka’ats before sitting.” Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
This is a 2 Rak'aah Nafl prayer which one should perform as one enters the Masjid. It is very rewarding.
14. Reward of Salaah multiplied 70 times or more by use of Miswaak
‘Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) has reported that,
“The prayer before which the Miswak is used is seventy times more excellent than that before which it is not used.”
Ibn Abbas, ‘Ali and Ata (may Allah be pleased with them all) state that,
“But it increases to 99 or 400 times.”
Reward for every action is based on sincerity, the more sincerity we are the the more reward we'll get! It may be that we could get 70, 99 or even 400 times or more rewards for every action depending on how sincere we are in doing the action. Subhanallah!
courtesy-the_truth
